The potentiometer is one of the most essential components used for manual control of electrical signals within electronic circuits. It features a rotary or sliding shaft that allows for gradual adjustment of resistance, enabling precise and smooth control of signal intensity or voltage level.

This component comes with a taper characteristic, allowing the resistance change to be distributed either linearly or logarithmically, depending on the application—such as controlling audio, lighting, or analog signals. It is also easy to mount on boards or inside devices and is commonly used in Arduino projects, audio equipment, and various control systems.